1. The transition from punch cards to programming languages marked a fundamental shift in computer science, fueled by an urge for more efficient, accessible, and powerful methods of communicating instructions to computers. This change highlights various essential functions of programming languages, such as abstraction and readability, efficiency and productivity, portability and flexibility, complexity management, accessibility, innovation and problem-solving, automation and optimization.
2. In a nutshell the wide range of programming languages reflects the complexity and breadth of current computing demands, allowing developers to select the best tool for any work or project. This diversity also facilitates innovation and allows for varied styles of learning and methods for solving problems.
3. Although Python has many issues like Slow Speed, Weakness in Mobile Computing, Database Access Limitations, Runtime errors and Lack of Parallelism, one of the most pressing ones is the High Memory Consumption. Python uses significantly more RAM than any lower-level language due to its object-oriented nature. To mitigate high memory in Python many developers have to resort to using iterators for large datasets or employing NumPy arrays instead of lists. Many programms wish for Python to integrate the "GC" (Garbage Collection) to automatically trigger removal of unused data.
4. Creating a new programming lanugage is a very complex and tedious job. At first, a programmer needs to establish a few key aspects of a programming language, such as paradigm, syntax, data types, type system, control structures, functions and procedures and error handling. Furthermore, it is crucial to set up language implementation, which includes parser, tokenizer, semantic analyzer, intermediate representation, code generation, runtime environment and standard library. Besides that, there are a plenty of other design choices a programmer should make to create a real programming language, such as whether the language should be compiled or interpreted, define performance goals and how to build a community and an ecosystem to provide real-time updates for the users.
