A microcontroller is a chip that is used to control electronic devices, where it is optimized to execute a very specific task. A microcontroller contains memory, processor, and IO. A microprocessor control a micro-computer, and it performs ALU operations and communicates with devices connected to it.
They are systems subjected to real-time applications, where they process data as they come in and the system respondes within a time limit suitable with the real-time situation.
A system that regulates how other devices or systems work to ensure a desired outcome is reached.
From its name, it's a system that gives learners instantanuous and customized feedback without the need to human intervention.